Jessica buys the house of her dreams, not knowing that hidden within its walls are letters that will change her life. These letters reveal the story of her missing sister, Meredith, whom Jessica hasn’t seen in eleven years. Desperate to reconnect, Jessica sets out on a journey, hoping for a new beginning.
Jessica stood in the middle of her new living room, surrounded by stacks of boxes and mismatched furniture. The movers had done their job, but the house felt empty and chaotic. She took a deep breath, feeling a swell of pride.
This was her house, bought with her own money. For the first time, she had done something entirely on her own, without relying on her parents.
Her parents, Ashley and Scott, were wealthy and had always pressured her and her younger sister, Meredith, to “live up to their status.”
Throughout their childhood and teenage years, they were only allowed to associate with children from other wealthy families. Jessica had always felt confined by these rules, but she obeyed them. Meredith was different.
Meredith detested their parents’ wealth and the restrictions that came with it. She never acknowledged the money, insisting it was their parents’, not hers. She constantly rebelled against their rules and expectations.
When she was 17, she ran away with a boy from a poor family, a relationship their parents had adamantly opposed. That was sixteen years ago, and Jessica hadn’t heard from her since.
Jessica was different from her sister; she had never defied their parents. But buying this house was her first act of rebellion.
She had refused their money for the purchase, wanting them to know it was hers and hers alone. The house was small, but it was hers.
She opened one of the boxes and pulled out a photograph of herself and Meredith as children. They were smiling, arms wrapped around each other.
Jessica felt a pang of regret. “I barely speak to them now. I regret not having the chance to talk to you all this time.”
Meredith looked up, her eyes softening. “I felt the same way. But they were so against my relationship with Diego. And now we’re married and have this wonderful son. I wouldn’t change a thing, even if I could.”
Jessica’s eyes filled with tears. “I’m so sorry I wasn’t there when you lost your baby. I should have been there for you.”
Meredith’s face softened with a sad smile. “I missed having your support during that time. It was hard, but we got through it.”
They sat in silence for a few moments, the weight of the past settling around them. Then Meredith broke the silence. “But now you have the chance to be a part of your nephew’s life. He could use a cool aunt.”
We’ve All Waited for It: Scientists Created a Drug That Can Help Regrow Lost Teeth
The tooth fairy is a welcome guest for any child who has lost a tooth. Not only will the fairy leave a small gift under the child’s pillow, but they be assured of a replacement tooth in a few months. Unfortunately, the scenario is quite different for adults grappling with a loss of teeth. Luckily, there may be some hope thanks to a new study performed by scientists at Kyoto University and the University of Fukui.
A dental breakthrough
While the typical adult mouth houses 32 teeth, approximately 1% of the population exhibits variations of them, either possessing more or fewer teeth due to congenital conditions. Researchers have delved into the genetic factors behind cases of excessive teeth, seeking valuable insights into the potential regeneration of teeth in adults. This study is the first to show that monoclonal antibodies can help regrow teeth. It suggests a new way to treat a dental problem that currently requires implants and other artificial solutions.
A bit of science
The research team disclosed that an antibody targeting a specific gene, known as uterine sensitization-associated gene-1 (USAG-1), can induce tooth development in mice affected by tooth agenesis, a congenital condition. The findings were published in the journal, Science Advances.
As per Katsu Takahashi, a senior lecturer at the Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine and one of the principal contributors to the study, the essential molecules crucial for the development of teeth have already been pinpointed. “The morphogenesis of individual teeth depends on the interactions of several molecules including BMP, or bone morphogenetic protein, and Wnt signaling,” says Takahashi.
On April 13, 2021, the University of Kyoto posted its first pic of newly-grown teeth in mice.
BMP and Wnt are involved in more than just tooth development; they affect the growth of organs and tissues early in the body’s development. Because drugs affecting them directly might have broad side effects, scientists are cautious. To find a potentially safer method, researchers focused on the gene USAG-1, thinking that aiming at factors countering BMP and Wnt specifically in tooth development could be more precise.
“We knew that suppressing USAG-1 benefits tooth growth. What we did not know was whether it would be enough,” added Takahashi.
The first results
Scientists looked at how different monoclonal antibodies affect USAG-1. Monoclonal antibodies are often used to treat things like cancer and arthritis and for making vaccines. Tests with this antibody showed that BMP signaling is crucial for deciding the number of teeth in mice. Also, just one treatment was enough to grow a whole tooth. Further tests confirmed these positive results in ferrets too.
“Ferrets are diphyodont animals with similar dental patterns to humans. Our next plan is to test the antibodies on other animals, such as pigs and dogs,” explained Takahashi.
Fully regrown frontal teeth in ferrets
The next steps
Now, scientists are going to test the drug on healthy adults. If that goes well, the team plans to try it on kids aged 2 to 6 with a rare tooth problem called anodontia, a genetic disorder defined as the absence of all teeth. These kids will get one shot of the drug to see if it makes their teeth grow. If everything works out, the medicine might be approved by 2030.
Takahashi sees the new medicine as an additional choice for individuals who are missing some or all of their teeth.
“The idea of growing new teeth is every dentist’s dream,” Takahashi told the Japanese newspaper, The Mainichi in June this year. “I’ve been working on this since I was a graduate student. I was confident I’d be able to make it happen.”
So hopefully, by the year 2030, humans will get a chance to have their third generation of teeth grown and say goodbye to implants. Until then, make sure to keep your teeth strong and healthy — this article will help you with that.
Preview photo credit KyotoU_News / Twitter
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